However, the allocation and management of hospital beds present significant challenges. A critical factor is the balance between supply and demand. In many regions, particularly in urban areas, healthcare facilities struggle with bed shortages. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), inadequate bed availability can lead to overcrowding, which in turn exacerbates health risks, increases stress among healthcare professionals, and diminishes the quality of care provided to patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, for instance, hospitals worldwide faced an overwhelming surge of patients, revealing vulnerabilities in their bed capacity management. In these scenarios, the ability to swiftly convert spaces, such as operating rooms or recovery areas, into patient care zones became vital to saving lives.

Infection control is a paramount concern in hospitals, and carts play a critical role in maintaining hygiene standards. Carts are made from materials that are easy to clean and disinfect, thus helping to prevent cross-contamination. Specialized carts, such as those used for transporting biohazardous waste, are designed to minimize the risk of infection by containing and safely disposing of contaminated materials.